Choose URL component or whole URL encoding

Keep URL separators meaningful and encode only data that belongs inside a URL.

Checklist

1. Encode a parameter value such as a search phrase as a URL component.
2. Keep `https://`, path separators, and query delimiters when handling a complete URL.
3. Decode once when diagnosing; double encoding changes `%` into `%25`.

Privacy and accuracy

Use the encoding rule expected by the receiving API or browser.